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Vocabuli | Verbi | Nomena | Casi | Infinitivi | Subiunctivus | Miscellanea
Forms | Sequence | Usage | Conjunctions | Verbs

Subiunctivus
Nolumus moti esse, non movebimur
Velut arbor sata propinqua aquae non movebimur
last revised Jan. 24, 2004

Subjunctive Forms

PRESENT ACTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
Similar to present active indicative, except that the stem takes a different vowel; the 1st person singular is formed by adding -m to the stem, and the 3rd person plural is formed by adding -nt to the stem. First (a) declension verbs take -e- in the stem instead of -a-. All other verbs take -a- in the stem.
1ST2ND3RD3RD ("IO")4TH
amemhabeamducamcapiamaudiam
ameshabeasducascapiasaudias
amethabeatducatcapiataudiat
amemushabeamusducamuscapiamusaudiamus
ametishabeatisducatiscapiatisaudiatis
amenthabeantducantcapiantaudiant

PRESENT PASSIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
Formed by adding the passive endings to the subjunctive stems.
1ST2ND3RD3RD ("IO")4TH
amerhabearducarcapiaraudiar
amerishabearisducariscapiarisaudiaris
ameturhabeaturducaturcapiaturaudiatur
amemurhabeamurducamurcapiamuraudiamur
ameminihabeaminiducaminicapiaminiaudiamini
amenturhabeanturducanturcapianturaudiantur

PERFECT ACTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
Formed in the same way as the future active indicative, except that the 1st person singular ends in -erim instead of -ero.
1ST2ND3RD3RD ("IO")4TH
amaverimhabuerimduxerimceperimaudiverim
amaverishabuerisduxerisceperisaudiveris
amaverithabueritduxeritceperitaudiverit
amaverimushabuerimusduxerimusceperimusaudiverimus
amaveritishabueritisduxeritisceperitisaudiveritis
amaverinthabuerintduxerintceperintaudiverint

PERFECT PASSIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
Formed with the fourth principal part and the present active subjunctive of "sum."
1ST2ND3RD3RD ("IO")4TH
amatus simhabitus simductus simcaptus simauditus sim
amatus sishabitus sisductus siscaptus sisauditus sis
amatus sithabitus sitductus sitcaptus sitauditus sit
amati simushabiti simusducti simuscapti simusauditi simus
amati sitishabiti sitisducti sitiscapti sitisauditi sitis
amati sinthabiti sintducti sintcapti sintauditi sint

IMPERFECT ACTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
Formed by adding the basic subjunctive endings to the second principal part (the present active infinitive).
1ST2ND3RD3RD ("IO")4TH
amaremhaberemduceremcaperemaudirem
amareshaberesducerescaperesaudires
amarethaberetduceretcaperetaudiret
amaremushaberemusduceremuscaperemusaudiremus
amaretishaberetisduceretiscaperetisaudiretis
amarenthaberentducerentcaperentaudirent

IMPERFECT PASSIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
The imperfect passive subjunctive is formed by adding the passive endings to the second principal part (the present active infinitive).
1ST2ND3RD3RD ("IO")4TH
amarerhabererducerercapereraudirer
amarerishabererisducereriscapererisaudireris
amareturhabereturducereturcapereturaudiretur
amaremurhaberemurduceremurcaperemuraudiremur
amareminihabereminiducereminicapereminiaudiremini
amarenturhaberenturducerenturcaperenturaudirentur

PLUPERFECT ACTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
Formed by adding the basic subjunctive endings to the perfect active infinitive.
1ST2ND3RD3RD ("IO")4TH
amavissemhabuissemduxissemcepissemaudivissem
amavisseshabuissesduxissescepissesaudivisses
amavissethabuissetduxissetcepissetaudivisset
amavissemushabuissemusduxissemuscepissemusaudivissemus
amavissetishabuissetisduxissetiscepissetisaudivissetis
amavissenthabuissentduxissentcepissentaudivissent

PLUPERFECT PASSIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
Formed with the fourth principal part and the imperfect active subjunctive of "sum."
1ST2ND3RD3RD ("IO")4TH
amatus essemhabitus essemductus essemcaptus essemauditus essem
amatus esseshabitus essesductus essescaptus essesauditus esses
amatus essethabitus essetductus essetcaptus essetauditus esset
amati essemushabiti essemusducti essemuscapti essemusauditi essemus
amati essetishabiti essetisducti essetiscapti essetisauditi essetis
amati essenthabiti essentducti essentcapti essentauditi essent


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